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Georgia is situated in the South of Caucasus. The whole area of the country occupies 69,7 thousand square metre. Georgian nature is very various because of its geographical location. It is characterised as a region with complexed relief and high zones. Georgia is situated in the Caucasus Region which belongs to the Alpine Gridles and exactly this fact stipulates its contrasting relief and various landscape with different kind of climate and hydrological regime, with rich soil and with its flora and fauna.
Georgia is rich of various landscapes, which alter from the west to the east according the altitude and direction. 500-600m. above sea-level there are humid , subtropical and forest landscapes across the Black Sea and on mountain spoles with wrinkled-erosive relief. Climate is humid and warm, that’s why broad-leaved forests grow up on the ochre and red soils here. Subtropical cultures occupy the most important part of this landscape.
Humid, subtropical, sough and forest landscapes are typical for the Kolkheti Lowland, which is famous for its subtropical and golden-colored soils. More then 50% territory is altered with natural plant cultures. Lots of plural cereals, fruits and vegetables are grown here.
The big and small Caucasus spoles are located 1800-2000m. above sea level and it’s a mountain and forest landscape zone. It has wrinkled-erosive relief with very steep soples and narrow gorges. Carst phenomenas are observed in the west part of the big Caucasus. Climate of this zone is moderality warm and moist, mountains are covered with broad-leaved and pine forests under which you can find the humus-carbonic soils. Various kinds of corn and vegetable cultures are planted in fields located across rivers. Mountain-meadow landscape zone with its wrinkled-erosive relief, glaciers, stony grounds and cones is situated more then 200m above sea level . The climate here is also cold and moderality humid. You can notice the surplus of plural grasses and Alp meadows, which are used as summer pastures and sub-alp meadows are used as mowing fields.
There are large glaciers covered with many years snow above the mountain-meadows zone of the big Caucasus. There are more then 170 glaciers. During summer glaciers and their snow is the basic food of rivers. This is the really wonderful place of tourism and alpinism. Plains, mountain plains and steppes interchange in the east of Georgia landscapes, which are significantly changed by human’s activity. There are warm, dry, subtropical climate and brown soils there and most of them are widely planted. Natural corn cultures almost are not preserved. The most part of these grounds are covered with vineyards, gardens, cornfields and vegetable cultures.
Please see the photo gallery of the landscapes of Georgia here:
Photo Gallery
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